 |
This article is in the 'Talk' namespace because it is an unfinished draft. This section is used to host drafts for unpublished articles as well as discussions for published ones. If you'd like to use this area to discuss this draft, please do so in the 'Discussion' section at the very bottom of the page. This notice will be removed once this draft has been approved for publication by an administrator. |
 |
This page has not been fully approved by the PsychonautWiki administrators. It may contain incorrect information, particularly with respect to dosage, duration, subjective effects, toxicity and other risks. It may also not meet PW style and grammar standards. |
| Summary sheet: Thujone |
| Thujone | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
|||||||||||||
| Chemical Nomenclature | |||||||||||||
| Common names | Sage, Common Sage, White Sage, Salvia Officinalis, Thujone, Wormwood, Absinthe | ||||||||||||
| Substitutive name | Thujone | ||||||||||||
| Systematic name | α: (1S,4R,5R)-4-Methyl-1-(propan-2-yl)bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-one β: (1S,4S,5R)-4-methyl-1-propan-2-ylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-one | ||||||||||||
| Class Membership | |||||||||||||
| Psychoactive class | Gaba inhibitor | ||||||||||||
| Chemical class | Ketone | ||||||||||||
| Routes of Administration | |||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
History and culture
 |
This History and culture section is a stub. As a result, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it. |
Salvia officinalis has numerous common names. Some of the best-known are sage, common sage, garden sage, golden sage, kitchen sage, true sage, culinary sage, Dalmatian sage, and broadleaf sage. Cultivated forms include purple sage and red sage. The specific epithet officinalis refers to plants with a well-established medicinal or culinary value. Sage has been used as an entheogen for thousands of years by various cultures.
Chemistry
 |
This chemistry section is incomplete. You can help by adding to it. |
Common sage is grown in parts of Europe for distillation of an essential oil, although other species such as Salvia fruticosa may also be harvested and distilled with it. The essential oil contains cineole, borneol, and thujone. Sage leaf contains tannic acid, oleic acid, ursolic acid, carnosol, carnosic acid, fumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, niacin, nicotinamide, flavones, flavonoid glycosides, and estrogenic substances.
Pharmacology
 |
This pharmacology section is incomplete. You can help by adding to it. |
Thujone is a GABAA receptor antagonist and more specifically, a GABAA receptor competitive antagonist. By inhibiting GABA receptor activation, neurons may fire more easily, which can cause muscle spasms and convulsions. This interaction with the GABAA receptor is specific to alpha-thujone.
Biosynthesis
The biosynthesis of thujone is similar to the synthesis of other monoterpenes and begins with the formation of geranyl diphosphate (GPP) from Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) and isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), catalyzed by the enzyme geranyl diphosphate synthase. Quantitative 13CNMR spectroscopic analysis has demonstrated that the isoprene units used to form thujone in plants are derived from the methylerythritol phosphate pathway (MEP).
The reactions that generate the thujane skeleton in sabinene from GPP are mediated by the enzyme sabinene synthase which has GPP as its substrate. GPP (1) first isomerizes to linalyl diphosphate (LPP) (2) and neryl diphosphate (NPP) (3). LPP preferentially forms a delocalized allylic cation-diphosphate (4). The ion-pair intermediate then cyclizes in an electrophilic addition to yield the α-terpinyl tertiary cation (5).
Subjective effects
 |
This subjective effects section is a stub. As such, it is still in progress and may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding or correcting it. |
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠. {{effects/base
|
Physical effects 
Visual effects 
-
Enhancements
Distortions
Autonomous entities. Visuals are more associated with very large doses and closed eyes.
|
Cognitive effects 
Auditory effects 
Toxicity and harm potential
 |
This toxicity and harm potential section is a stub. As a result, it may contain incomplete or even dangerously wrong information! You can help by expanding upon or correcting it. |
It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this substance. ===Lethal dosage=== Unknown in humans ===Tolerance and addiction potential=== This compound can be very dysphoric and most users do not wish to take this compound again.
Dangerous interactions
| |
This dangerous interactions section is a stub. As such, it may contain incomplete or invalid information. You can help by expanding upon or correcting it. |
Thujone is a cns stimulant, and this can cause seizures. It is best to avoid interactions with antidepressants, diphenhydramine, and other stimulants.
Warning: Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).
Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.
==Legal status== Legal in most likely all countries
 |
This legality section is a stub. As such, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it. |
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvia_officinalis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thujone