Banisteriopsis caapi

Banisteriopsis caapi

Taxonomical nomenclature
Kingdom	Plantae
Unranked	Angiosperms
Unranked	Eudicots
Unranked	Rosids
Order	Malpighiales
Family	Malpighiaceae
Genus	Banisteriopsis
Species	B. caapi
Common nomenclature
Common names	Ayahuasca, Caapi or Yagé
Constituents
Active constituents	Harmala alkaloid

Banisteriopsis caapi, also known as ayahuasca, caapi or yagé, is a South American liana of the family Malpighiaceae. It is used to prepare ayahuasca, a decoction with a long history of its entheogenic use and its status as a "plant teacher" among the indigenous peoples of the Amazon rainforest.

History and culture

Research

Neurogenesis

The alkaloids of Banisteriopsis caapi, the plant source of the Amazonian hallucinogen ayahuasca, stimulate adult neurogenesis in vitro.^[1]

Chemistry

Banisteriopsis caapi (also known as ayahuasca, caapi or yajé) is a South American jungle vine of the family Malpighiaceae. It contains harmine, harmaline, and tetrahydroharmine in the following proportions:

Harmine: 0.31-8.43%
Harmaline: 0.03-0.83%
Proanthocyanidins (less known MAOIs)
- (−)-epicatechin
- (−)-procyanidins
Tetrahydroharmine: 0.05-2.94%

Toxicity and harm potential

Dangerous interactions

Cholinergics

Cholinergic substances combined with Banisteriopsis caapi can cause a cholinergic crisis because the plant contains acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs):

Harmaline^[2]
Harmine^[2]

External links

Literature

Morales-García, J. A., de la Fuente Revenga, M., Alonso-Gil, S., Rodríguez-Franco, M. I., Feilding, A., Perez-Castillo, A., & Riba, J. (2017). The alkaloids of Banisteriopsis caapi, the plant source of the Amazonian hallucinogen Ayahuasca, stimulate adult neurogenesis in vitro. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 5309. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05407-9

References

↑ Morales-García, J. A., Fuente Revenga, M. de la, Alonso-Gil, S., Rodríguez-Franco, M. I., Feilding, A., Perez-Castillo, A., Riba, J. (13 July 2017). "The alkaloids of Banisteriopsis caapi, the plant source of the Amazonian hallucinogen Ayahuasca, stimulate adult neurogenesis in vitro". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 5309. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-05407-9. ISSN 2045-2322.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Zheng, X., Zhang, Z., Chou, G., Wu, T., Cheng, X., Wang, C., Wang, Z. (September 2009). "Acetylcholinesterase inhibitive activity-guided isolation of two new alkaloids from seeds of Peganum nigellastrum Bunge by an in vitro TLC- bioautographic assay". Archives of Pharmacal Research. 32 (9): 1245–1251. doi:10.1007/s12272-009-1910-x. ISSN 0253-6269.

[1] Morales-García, J. A., Fuente Revenga, M. de la, Alonso-Gil, S., Rodríguez-Franco, M. I., Feilding, A., Perez-Castillo, A., Riba, J. (13 July 2017). "The alkaloids of Banisteriopsis caapi, the plant source of the Amazonian hallucinogen Ayahuasca, stimulate adult neurogenesis in vitro". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 5309. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-05407-9. ISSN 2045-2322.

[Pubmed-19784581-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Zheng, X., Zhang, Z., Chou, G., Wu, T., Cheng, X., Wang, C., Wang, Z. (September 2009). "Acetylcholinesterase inhibitive activity-guided isolation of two new alkaloids from seeds of Peganum nigellastrum Bunge by an in vitro TLC- bioautographic assay". Archives of Pharmacal Research. 32 (9): 1245–1251. doi:10.1007/s12272-009-1910-x. ISSN 0253-6269.

[1]

[2]