Talk:Xylazine

Xylazine was discovered in 1962 to treat hypertension in veterinary medicine. Studies in humans found it to be a dangerous central nervous system depressant with hazardous side effects and the drug was never approved by the FDA for human use.

The drug is often diverted from veterinarians and used as a cutting agent to make street drugs appear stronger.

Xylazine, or N-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-2-amine, is a compound of the imidazoline chemical class. Imidazolines are substituted amidines in which the amidine function is incorporated into an imidazoline ring

Xylazine is structurally similar to clonidine and an agonist for the α₂ adrenergic receptor. When α₂ receptors in the brain are stimulated, peripheral vascular resistance decreases, resulting in lowered blood pressure. It has specificity towards the presynaptic α₂ receptors in the vasomotor center in the brainstem. This binding decreases presynaptic calcium levels and inhibits the release of norepinephrine (NE). The net effect is a decrease in sympathetic nervous system tone.

Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.

It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.

Experience reports

There are currently 0 anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our experience index.Additional experience reports can be found here:

• Erowid Experience Vaults: Xylazine

Xylazine has little or no recreational benefit and is extremely dangerous for the user and will likely lead to death. Usage may lead to dependence, diabetes, heart complications, loss of muscle mass, coma, and hyperglycemia. Injection sites may quickly deteriorate, develop necrosis, develop ulcers, develop abscesses and/or become infected. This decomposition is extremely painful and may have a foul odour, in severe cases amputation may be necessary. Xylazine may be found in almost any drug, even THC vape cartridges.

It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices if they decide to use this substance.

Lethal dosage

Overdose is often irreversible and fatal in humans. Depending on other drugs used, symptoms may last 8-72 hours. Naloxone will not reverse a xylazine overdose but should still be administered, as fentanyl is present in approximately 98% of xylazine overdoses^[1]. Xylazine is known to cause toxicity and death in humans at dosage ranges as wide as 40mg to 2400mg ^[2] but post-mortem examination may reveal only trace amounts of the drug. In 2020, xylazine was present in 25.8% of overdose deaths in Philadelphia.^[1]

Tolerance and addiction potential

Xylazine is an addictive substance and may cause dependence and withdrawals even in those who unknowingly used it.

Dangerous interactions

Warning: Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).

Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.

• Depressants (1,4-Butanediol, 2M2B, alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, GHB/GBL, methaqualone, opioids) - This combination potentiates the muscle relaxation, amnesia, sedation, and respiratory depression caused by one another. At higher doses, it can lead to a sudden, unexpected loss of consciousness along with a dangerous amount of depressed respiration. There is also an increased risk of suffocating on one's vomit while unconscious. If nausea or vomiting occurs before a loss of consciousness, users should attempt to fall asleep in the recovery position or have a friend move them into it.
• Dissociatives - This combination can unpredictably potentiate the amnesia, sedation, motor control loss and delusions that can be caused by each other. It may also result in a sudden loss of consciousness accompanied by a dangerous degree of respiratory depression. If nausea or vomiting occurs before consciousness is lost, users should attempt to fall asleep in the recovery position or have a friend move them into it.
• Stimulants - Stimulants mask the sedative effect of depressants, which is the main factor most people use to gauge their level of intoxication. Once the stimulant effects wear off, the effects of the depressant will significantly increase, leading to intensified disinhibition, motor control loss, and dangerous black-out states. This combination can also potentially result in severe dehydration if one's fluid intake is not closely monitored. If choosing to combine these substances, one should strictly limit themselves to a pre-set schedule of dosing only a certain amount per hour until a maximum threshold has been reached.

• United Kingdom: Xylazine is not approved for use in humans by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency nor controlled under the 1971 Act. It is, however, likely to be subject to the Psychoactive Substances Act 2016 (“the 2016 Act”).
• United States: Although not a controlled substance in the United States, xylazine is not approved for use in people. However, some states are taking steps to classify xylazine as a controlled substance.

• Responsible use
• Drug overdose
• Volumetric liquid dosing
• Fentanyl

(List along order below)

• Xylazine (Wikipedia)
• Xylazine (Erowid Vault)

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