Pramiracetam
| Summary sheet: Pramiracetam |
| Pramiracetam | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Chemical Nomenclature | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common names | Pramiracetam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Systematic name | N-[2-(Diisopropylamino)ethyl]-2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Psychoactive class | Nootropic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chemical class | Racetam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Pramiracetam (also known as Pramistar) is a nootropic stimulant of the racetam class. It is a derivative of piracetam, which has been studied as a cognitive enhancing agent.
In parts of Europe, pramiracetam is marketed as a prescription drug by Menarini under the brand name Pramistar as a treatment for memory and attention deficits in aging people with neurodegenerative and vascular dementias.[1][2][3] In the United States, it is readily available and sold through online vendors as a dietary supplement.
Pramiracetam is typically used at dosages of either 400mg thrice daily or 600mg twice daily; both of these dosing regimens totals 1,200mg of pramiracetam a day. It is unclear if pramiracetam should be taken with meals, and it is also unclear if 1,200mg is the optimal dosage or not as this may vary between individuals. Dosages range at nearly ten times of that of noopept, making it less potent while offering comparable benefit.
Chemistry
Pramiracetam, or N-[2-(Diisopropylamino)ethyl]-2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide, is a synthetic compound of the racetam family. Racetams share a pyrrolidine nucleus, a five member nitrogenous ring with a ketone bonded oxygen at R2.[4] This 2-pyrrolidone ring is bound to the terminal carbon of an acetamide group, an ethyl amide chain with a ketone bond (C=O) at the alpha carbon. Pramiracetam features an additional substituion bonded to RN of the acetamide group of a ethyl amide chain with two isopropyl carbon chains attached to the terminal nitrogen.
Pramiracetam is structurally analogous to piracetam with an added diisopropyl ethylamino chain.[5] Pramiracetam is prepared from piracetam by substituting the amide group with a dipropan-2-ylaminoethyl group.[4]
Pharmacology
The mechanism of pramiracetam is not well known, but it is thought to be able to enhance high-affinity choline uptake in a manner which is similar to other compounds of the racetam family. As choline is responsible for acetylcholine synthesis, this process essentially allows acetylcholine to accumulate at higher levels than that which it otherwise would. As acetycholine is involved in the function of memory, this could potentially account for its nootropic effects.
Subjective effects
In comparison to the effects of other nootropics such as noopept, pramiracetam can be described as focusing primarily on physical stimulation over that of cognitive stimulation.
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
Physical effects 
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- Stimulation - Pramiracetam produces a subtle form of stimulation comparable to that of caffeine.
- Headaches
Sensory effects
Although these effects are not universal, certain people may experience sensory enhancements under the influence of pramiracetam.
Cognitive effects 
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In terms of its cognitive effects, this compound can be described as a stimulating, mindful, and emotionally stable experience which is able to bring the user to a "neutral" level of emotional stability.
- Emotion suppression - Most prominent among its effects is its ability to bring the user to a mellow or emotionally dulled state. In comparison to other substances such as quetiapine or benzodiazepines, it manifests itself lucidly, rather than invoking carelessness or dulling thought.
- Wakefulness
- Mindfulness
- Anxiety suppression
- Thought connectivity
- Focus enhancement
- Motivation enhancement
- Memory enhancement
- Dream potentiation
Experience reports
There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our experience index. Additional experience reports can be found here:
Toxicity and harm potential
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This toxicity and harm potential section is a stub. As a result, it may contain incomplete or even dangerously wrong information! You can help by expanding upon or correcting it. |
The toxicity and long-term health effects of pramiracetam use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dosage is unknown. This is because pramiracetam has very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried pramiracetam within the community suggest that there do not seem to be any negative health effects attributed to simply trying this drug at low to moderate doses by itself and using it sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed).
There are anecdotal reports of users experiencing painful chemical burns caused by ingesting pramiracetam powder sublingually. Other routes of administration do not seem to cause the same effects.
It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this substance.
Dependence and abuse potential
The chronic use of Pramiracetam can be considered as not addictive with a low potential for abuse. It does not seem to be capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users.
Tolerance to many of the effects of Pramiracetam develops with prolonged and repeated use. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about 3 - 7 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 1 - 2 weeks to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). Pramiracetam may presents cross-tolerance with all racetam nootropics, meaning that after the consumption of pramiracetam certain nootropics such as aniracetam and piracetam may have a reduced effect.
Legal status
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This legality section is a stub. As such, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it. |
Pramiracetam is currently legally available to buy and sell in most countries, but this may vary by region.
- United Kingdom: Pramiracetam and other racetams are prescription only drugs; however, there is no penalty for possession or importing them.
See also
External links
References
- ↑ Farmaco - Banca Dati Farmaci dell’AIFA
- ↑ Pramiracetam | http://www.drugs.com/international/pramiracetam.html
- ↑ https://farmaci.agenziafarmaco.gov.it/bancadatifarmaci/cerca-per-principio-attivo?princ_att=Pramiracetam
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Malykh, A. G., Sadaie, M. R. (12 February 2010). "Piracetam and piracetam-like drugs: from basic science to novel clinical applications to CNS disorders". Drugs. 70 (3): 287–312. doi:10.2165/11319230-000000000-00000. ISSN 1179-1950.
- ↑ Bambagiotti-Alberti, M., Bartolucci, G., Bruni, B., Coran, S. A., Di Vaira, M. (30 May 2008). "Diisoprop-yl{2-[2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamido]eth-yl}ammonium hydrogen sulfate". Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online. 64 (Pt 6): o1160. doi:10.1107/S1600536808015341. ISSN 1600-5368.