5-MeO-DMT - PsychonautWiki

5-MeO-DMT

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WARNING: 5-MeO-DMT is not a valid substitute for DMT.

Despite what their names might suggest, 5-MeO-DMT and DMT have distinct effects and risk profiles and should be regarded as completely separate entities. Please see this this section for more information.

Summary sheet: 5-MeO-DMT
5-MeO-DMT
5-MeO-DMT.svg
Chemical Nomenclature
Common names 5-MeO-DMT, The God Molecule, Toad, Jaguar
Substitutive name 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine
Systematic name 2-(5-Methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-N,N-dimethylethanamine
Class Membership
Psychoactive class Psychedelic
Chemical class Tryptamine
Routes of Administration

WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section.


⇣ Smoked
Dosage
Threshold 1 mg
Light 3 - 6 mg
Common 6 - 12 mg
Strong 12 - 20 mg
Heavy 20 mg +
Duration
Total 20 - 40 minutes
Onset 5 - 60 seconds
Come up 30 - 60 seconds
Peak 5 - 15 minutes
Offset 10 - 20 minutes
After effects 15 - 60 minutes




⇣ Insufflated
Dosage
Threshold 3 mg
Light 5 - 8 mg
Common 8 - 15 mg
Strong 15 - 25 mg
Heavy 25mg+
Duration
Total 2 - 3 hours
Onset 1 - 10 minutes
Peak 10 - 40 minutes
Offset 30 - 60 minutes
After effects 1 - 3 hours






DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.

Interactions
2C-T-X
2C-X
Cannabis
DOx
MDMA
Mescaline
NBOMe
Amphetamines
Cocaine
DXM
Tramadol
aMT
MAOIs
PCP

5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (also known as 5-MeO-DMT) is a naturally-occurring psychedelic substance of the tryptamine class. It is structurally related to DMT and 5-HO-DMT (bufotenin) and is reputed to produce the most powerful and intense psychedelic states within the entire class. 5-MeO-DMT produces its effects by binding to serotonin receptors in the brain, although the precise mechanism is not known.

It is distributed in a wide variety of plant species as well as in the venom of a single toad species (Incilius alvarius).[citation needed] Although little is known about its history, it is believed to have been used in South American shamanic practices for centuries.[citation needed] In modern times, both the extracts of the toad venom as well as synthetic powder form are used, primarily via vaporization.

The synthesis and psychoactive effects were documented by Alexander Shulgin in his 1997 book TiHKAL ("Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved"). Recent studies have demonstrated its capacity to induce mystical experiences[1] and there is growing interest in exploring its potential therapeutic effects.[citation needed]

Subjective effects include unity and interconnectedness, time distortion, conceptual thinking, euphoria, and ego loss. 5-MeO-DMT's psychedelic effects are best compared to DMT in terms of intensity (extreme) and duration (very short). However, it generally lacks a visual geometry component and tends to produce more physical euphoria as well as even stronger transpersonal or mystical-like effects (e.g. ego loss) than DMT.

Additionally, both mental and physical side effects are reported to occur more often with 5-MeO-DMT. These effects include significant anxiety and dysphoria as well as nausea and bodily discomfort, and are often described as challenging and overwhelming.

Unlike DMT, which has been shown to possess minimal physiological toxicity, 5-MeO-DMT's safety profile is much less established. A small number of deaths have been linked to its use and appear to be a result of physical overdose.[citation needed] Some reports suggest it may cause serotonin toxicity when combined with certain substances such as MAOIs; it may also have cardiotoxic properties.[citation needed]

Anecdotal reports suggest that this substance is only suitable for users with extensive experience with powerful psychedelics (e.g. DMT, ayahuasca, and DPT) and trained in their safe use. It is highly advised to use harm reduction practices if using this substance.

Chemistry

 
Generic structure of a tryptamine molecule.

5-MeO-DMT or 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine is a ring-substituted indole alkaloid molecule of the tryptamine class. Tryptamines share a core structure comprised of a bicylic indole heterocycle attached at R3 to a terminal amine group via an ethyl side chain. 5-MeO-DMT is substituted at R5 of its indole heterocycle with a methoxy (MeO) functional group CH3O−; it also contains two methyl groups CH3- bound to the terminal amine RN of its tryptamine backbone (DMT).

5-MeO-DMT is the N-substituted methyl homologue of 5-MeO-MiPT and 5-MeO-DiPT, although it radically differs in its effects.[2]

Endogenous presence

5-MeO-DMT has also been shown to be produced endogenously in the human body in trace amounts, although its biological function, if any, is unclear.[3]

Pharmacology

Further information: Serotonergic psychedelic

5-Meo-DMT's psychedelic effects are primarily believed to come from its efficacy at the 5-HT1A receptor as a partial agonist. Specifically, this molecule shows a high binding affinity for the 5-HT1A subtype and relatively low binding for the 5-HT2a subtype.[4] Since common psychedelics are thought to primarily elicit their effects through 5-HT2a receptor activity, the drug’s binding profile and how it results in the psychedelic experience continues to remain elusive.

Additional mechanisms of action such as reuptake inhibition of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine are also thought to be involved to an extent.[5] This can result in 5-MeO-DMT becoming dangerously toxic when combined with MAOIs, RIMAs, SSRIs, stimulants or any substance which acts as a releasing agent or reuptake inhibitor of monoamine neurotransmitters.

5-MeO-DMT is O-demethylated by polymorphic cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) to an active metabolite, bufotenin.[3]

Subjective effects

 
 This subjective effects section is a stub.

As such, it is still in progress and may contain incomplete or wrong information.

You can help by expanding or correcting it.

In comparison to its often relatively mild accompanying cognitive and visual effects, 5-MeO-DMT seems to have by far the most proportionally intense and overwhelming physical sensations found within the known psychedelic experience. These individual components are complex, overwhelming and seem to be equally capable of being interpreted as either extremely pleasurable and euphoric or uncomfortable and dysphoric.

Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.

It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.

Physical effects
 

Visual effects
 

  • The visual effects of 5-MeO-DMT can be broken down into several components which progressively intensify proportional to dosage. In comparison to its consistently overwhelming and intense accompanying cognitive and physical effects, 5-MeO-DMT seems to have some of the most proportionally underwhelming visual effects found within the known varieties of the psychedelic experience.

    Geometry

    The visual geometry that is present throughout this trip does not usually occur and in notable contrast to DMT, does not extend beyond level 7 at its highest state (though some experiences involving nonvisual 8b have been reported). It is vaguely similar to DMT although significantly smaller in size and more likely to manifest in darkness or without distractions. In terms of appearance, it can be comprehensively described through its variations as intricate in complexity, abstract in form, equally organic and digital in feel, structured in organization, brightly lit, multicoloured in scheme, glossy in shading, equal in sharp and soft edges, small in size, fast in speed, smooth in motion, equal in rounded and angular corners, immersive in-depth and consistent in its intensity. 5-MeO-DMT is unique in that in breakthrough doses, it uniquely tends to result in 8B Geometry over level 8A.

Cognitive effects
 

Auditory effects
 

Transpersonal effects
 

Experience reports

Anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our experience index include:

Additional experience reports can be found here:

Routes of administration

Vaporization

When taken in its synthetic powder form, 5-MeO-DMT is typically vaporized, but can also be insufflated (although this is discouraged), and is active at a dose of as little as 2 mg. It has been suggested that it possesses roughly 4-5x the potency of DMT.[6]

Oral

As with DMT, 5-MeO-DMT has been demonstrated to be active orally when taken with an MAOI, but according to numerous reports this combination tends to be extremely unpleasant, producing a strong body load in addition to the risk of hypertensive symptoms and serotonin syndrome, and is therefore strongly advised against.[7] On both physical and psychological levels, it is considered to be substantially less safe than DMT.[citation needed]

Natural sources

Colorado River toad

 
 

The Colorado River toad (Incilius alvarius), also known as the Sonoran Desert toad, is a toad found in northern Mexico and the southwestern United States. Its skin and venom contain 5-MeO-DMT and bufotenin (5-HO-DMT). Fresh venom can be collected without harm to the toad. This is done by stroking the parotid glands in the neck region onto a flat glass plate. The venom will take on the texture of rubber cement on drying, which can then be smoked. This product contains up to 15% 5-MeO-DMT, as well as 5-MeO-NMT and bufotenin.[citation needed]

Dosage

Assuming that an average of at least 10% of the venom is 5-MeO-DMT:

  • Threshold: 10 - 20 mg
  • Light: 20 - 50 mg
  • Common: 50 - 100 mg
  • Strong: 100 - 200 mg

Toxicity and harm potential

 

This toxicity and harm potential section is a stub.

As a result, it may contain incomplete or even dangerously wrong information! You can help by expanding upon or correcting it.
Note: Always conduct independent research and use harm reduction practices if using this substance.

Further information: Responsible use § Hallucinogens

The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational 5-MeO-DMT do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dose is unknown. This is because 5-MeO-DMT has a limited history of documented human usage.

Anecdotal evidence suggests that there are unlikely to be any negative health effects attributed to simply trying it by itself at low to moderate doses and using it very sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). Independent research should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.

It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this substance.

Dependence and abuse potential

Like other serotonergic psychedelics, 5-MeO-DMT is considered to be non-addictive with a low abuse potential. There are no literature reports of successful attempts to train animals to self-administer 5-MeO-DMT — an animal model predictive of abuse liability — indicating that it does not have the necessary pharmacology to either initiate or maintain dependence.

Tolerance to the effects of 5-MeO-DMT is built almost immediately after ingestion. After that, it takes about 1 hour for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 2 hours to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). 5-MeO-DMT does not have a cross-tolerance with other psychedelics, meaning that after the consumption of 5-MeO-DMT psychedelics will not have a reduced effect.

Dangerous interactions

Warning: Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).

Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.

  • 2C-T-X - Both classes of compounds can be unpredictable alone.
  • 2C-X - The 5-MeO psychedelics can interact unpredictably to potentiate other psychedelics.
  • Cannabis - May increase the risk of negative psychological effects such as anxiety, paranoia, and psychosis.
  • DOx - The 5-MeO class of tryptamines can be unpredictable in their interactions, particularly increasing the risk of unpleasant physical side effects.
  • MDMA - Some of the 5-MeO tryptamines are a bit unpredictable and should be mixed with MDMA with care.
  • Mescaline - The 5-MeO class of tryptamines can be unpredictable in their interactions.
  • NBOMe - The 5-MeO class of tryptamines can be unpredictable in their interactions and the NBOMes are known to be unpredictable even alone. This combination is best avoided.
  • Amphetamines - The anxiogenic and focusing effects of stimulants increase the chance of unpleasant thought loops. The combination is generally unnecessary because of the stimulating effects of psychedelics.
  • Cocaine - The anxiogenic and focusing effects of stimulants increase the chance of unpleasant thought loops. The combination is generally unnecessary because of the stimulating effects of psychedelics.
  • DXM - Little information exists about this combination.
  • Tramadol - Increased risk of serotonin syndrome.
  • aMT - Increased risk of serotonin syndrome.
  • MAOIs - Increased risk of serotonin syndrome.
  • PCP - Little information exists about this combination. May increase risk of psychosis and excessive stimulation.

Deaths from 5-MeO-DMT are rare. However, as a powerful monoamine reuptake inhibitor (MRI),[5] injury can occur when excessive doses are taken or when taken with substances such as MAOIs, RIMAs, stimulants and anything which act as a releasing agent or reuptake inhibitor of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine. This has resulted in well documented fatal poisonings[8][9] that could otherwise have been prevented.

Legal status

  • Australia: As a structural analog of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), 5-MeO-DMT is a Schedule 9 prohibited substance under the Poisons Standard. [10]
  • Austria: 5-Meo-DMT is, as an ether of N,N-DMT, illegal to possess, produce and sell under the SMG (Suchtmittelgesetz Österreich).[citation needed]
  • Brazil: Possession, production and sale is illegal as it is listed on Portaria SVS/MS nº 344.[11]
  • China: As of October 2015, 5-MeO-DMT is a controlled substance in China.[12]
  • Czech Republic: 5-Meo-DMT is legal in Czechia; as it is not listed in the Government Regulation n. 463/2013 (Nařízení vlády č. 463/2013 Sb). [13]
  • Denmark: As of December 2004, 5-MeO-DMT is legally restricted to "medical or scientific purposes".[citation needed]
  • Germany: 5-MeO-DMT is controlled under Anlage I BtMG (Narcotics Act, Schedule I)[14] as of October 10, 2000.[15] It is illegal to manufacture, possess, import, export, buy, sell, procure or dispense it without a license.[16]
  • Greece: 5-MeO-DMT became a controlled substance in Greece on February 18, 2003 [EU Legal Database].[citation needed]
  • Latvia: 5-MeO-DMT is a Schedule I drug.[17]
  • The Netherlands: Since 5-MeO-DMT can be regarded as an ether of bufotenin, it is considered a controlled substance as a List 1 opium under Dutch law.[18] Despite this it is freely available through dutch online research chemical sellers.
  • New Zealand: 5-MeO-DMT is Schedule I (Class A) in New Zealand.[citation needed]
  • Romania: 5-MeO-DMT is illegal to produce and sell in Romania under the controlled substance analogue act since February 2010.[19]
  • Sweden: 5-MeO-DMT was classified as a health hazard under the act "Lagen om förbud mot vissa hälsofarliga varor" (translated as the "Act on the Prohibition of Certain Goods Dangerous to Health") in their regulation SFS 2004:696, making it illegal to sell or possess as of Oct 1, 2004.[20]
  • Switzerland: 5-MeO-DMT is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis E.[21]
  • Turkey: 5-MeO-DMT is classed as a drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.[22]
  • United Kingdom: 5-MeO-DMT is a Class A drug in the UK as it is an ether of the drug 5-HO-DMT, which is a Class A drug as a result of the tryptamine catch-all clause.[23]
  • United States: 5-MeO-DMT was added to Schedule I, effective January 19, 2011. This means it is illegal to manufacture, buy, possess, or distribute (sell, trade or give) without a DEA license.[citation needed]

See also

External links

Discussion

Literature

  • Ott, J. (2011). Pharmepéna-Psychonautics: Human Intranasal, Sublingual and Oral Pharmacology of 5-Methoxy-N, N-Dimethyl-Tryptamine. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 33(4), 403-407. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2001.10399925
  • Shen, H.-W., Jiang, X.-L., Winter, J. C., & Yu, A.-M. (2010). Psychedelic 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine: Metabolism, Pharmacokinetics, Drug Interactions, and Pharmacological Actions. Current Drug Metabolism, 11(8), 659–666. https://doi.org/10.2174/138920010794233495
  • Davis, A. K., Barsuglia, J. P., Lancelotta, R., Grant, R. M., & Renn, E. (2018). The epidemiology of 5-methoxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) use: Benefits, consequences, patterns of use, subjective effects, and reasons for consumption. Journal of Psychopharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881118769063

Books

  • Oroc, J. (2009). Tryptamine Palace: 5-MeO-DMT and the Sonoran Desert Toad. Simon and Schuster.

References

  1. ↑ Barsuglia, J.; Davis, A. K.; Palmer, R.; Lancelotta, R.; Windham-Herman, A.-M.; Peterson, K.; Polanco, M.; Grant, Robert; Griffiths, R. R. (2018). "Intensity of Mystical Experiences Occasioned by 5-MeO-DMT and Comparison With a Prior Psilocybin Study". Frontiers in Psychology. 9: 2459. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02459. ISSN 1664-1078. OCLC 701805890. PMC 6292276  . PMID 30574112. 
  2. ↑ Shulgin, Alexander; Shulgin, Ann (1997). "#38. 5-MeO-DMT". TiHKAL: The Continuation. United States: Transform Press. ISBN 0-9630096-9-9. OCLC 38503252. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Shen, H.-W.; Jiang, X.-L.; Winter, J. C.; Yu, A.-M. (2010). "Psychedelic 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine: Metabolism, Pharmacokinetics, Drug Interactions, and Pharmacological Actions". Current Drug Metabolism. 11 (8): 659–666. doi:10.2174/138920010794233495. eISSN 1875-5453. ISSN 1389-2002. OCLC 55201006. PMC 3028383  . PMID 20942780. 
  4. ↑ Krebs-Thomson, K.; Ruiz, E. M.; Masten, V.; Buell, M.; Geyer, M. A. (2006). "The roles of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors in the effects of 5-MeO-DMT on locomotor activity and prepulse inhibition in rats". Psychopharmacology. 189 (3): 319–329. doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0566-1. eISSN 1432-2072. ISSN 0033-3158. OCLC 2409222. PMID 17013638. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Nagai, F.; Nonaka, R.; Satoh, K.; Kamimura, H. (2007). "The effects of non-medically used psychoactive drugs on monoamine neurotransmission in rat brain". European Journal of Pharmacology. 559 (2–3): 132–137. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.11.075. eISSN 1879-0712. ISSN 0014-2999. OCLC 01568459. PMID 17223101. 
  6. ↑ Ott, Jonathan (2001). "Pharmepéna-Psychonautics: Human Intranasal, Sublingual and Oral Pharmacology of 5-Methoxy-N, N-Dimethyl-Tryptamine". Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 33 (4): 403–407. doi:10.1080/02791072.2001.10399925. eISSN 2159-9777. ISSN 0279-1072. PMID 11824699. 
  7. ↑ "5-MeO-DMT (5-Methoxydimethyltryptamine): Health". Erowid. September 2, 2010. Retrieved September 29, 2020. 
  8. ↑ Brush, D. E.; Bird, S. B.; Boyer, E. W. (2004). "Monoamine oxidase inhibitor poisoning resulting from Internet misinformation on illicit substances". Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology. 42 (2): 191–195. doi:10.1081/clt-120030949. eISSN 1556-9519. ISSN 1556-3650. PMID 15214625. 
  9. ↑ Sklerov, J.; Levine, B.; Moore, K. A.; King, T.; Fowler, D. (2005). "A fatal intoxication following the ingestion of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine in an ayahuasca preparation". Journal of Analytical Toxicology. 29 (8): 838–841. doi:10.1093/jat/29.8.838. eISSN 1945-2403. ISSN 0146-4760. OCLC 02942106. PMID 16356341. 
  10. ↑ https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2016L01071/Html/Text#_Toc454279736
  11. ↑ "RESOLUÇÃO DA DIRETORIA COLEGIADA - RDC N° 130, DE 2 DE DEZEMBRO DE 2016" (in Portuguese). Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) [Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA)]. December 5, 2016. 
  12. ↑ "关于印发《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的通知" (in Chinese). 国家食品药品监督管理总局 [China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA)]. September 27, 2015. Archived from the original on September 6, 2017. Retrieved August 19, 2020. 
  13. ↑ https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2013-463
  14. ↑ "Gesetz über den Verkehr mit Betäubungsmitteln: Anlage I" (in German). Bundesamt für Justiz [Federal Office of Justice]. Retrieved December 10, 2019. 
  15. ↑ "Vierzehnte Verordnung zur Änderung betäubungsmittelrechtlicher Vorschriften". Bundesgesetzblatt Jahrgang 2000 Teil I Nr. 44 (in German). Bundesanzeiger Verlag (published September 30, 2000). September 27, 2000. pp. 1414–1415. ISSN 0341-1095. Retrieved December 18, 2019. 
  16. ↑ "Gesetz über den Verkehr mit Betäubungsmitteln: § 29" (in German). Bundesamt für Justiz [Federal Office of Justice]. Retrieved December 10, 2019. 
  17. ↑ "Noteikumi par Latvijā kontrolējamajām narkotiskajām vielām, psihotropajām vielām un prekursoriem" (in Latvian). VSIA Latvijas Vēstnesis. November 10, 2005. Retrieved January 1, 2020. 
  18. ↑ "List 1 Controlled substances]" (in Dutch). Archived from the original on April 14, 2021. Retrieved November 11, 2021. 
  19. ↑ OUG 6 10/02/2010 - Portal Legislativ 
  20. ↑ "Svensk författningssamling Förordning om ändring i förordningen (1999:58) om förbud mot vissa hälsofarliga varor" (PDF) (in Swedish) (published September 7, 2004). August 19, 2004. SFS 2004:696. 
  21. ↑ "Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien" (in German). Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]. Retrieved January 1, 2020. 
  22. ↑ Bakanlar Kurulu Kararı Karar Sayısı : 2013/4827 | https://free-ankara.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/BKK_2013_4827_28688.pdf
  23. ↑ "Schedule 2: Part I: Class A Drugs". "Misuse of Drugs Act 1971". UK Government. Retrieved August 20, 2020. 


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