Talk:25H-NBOMe - PsychonautWiki

Talk:25H-NBOMe

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25I-NBOMe can be fatal at heavy doses.[1]

It is strongly discouraged to take large amounts of this substance or to insufflate (snort) it. Please see this section for more details.

Summary sheet: 25H-NBOMe

Template:SubstanceBox/25H-NBOMe

25H-NBOMe (also known as 2C-H-NBOMe, NBOMe-2C-H) is a novel psychedelic substance of the phenethylamine chemical class that produces an array of stimulating and possibly psychedelic effects when administered.

It is worth noting that compounds of the NBOMe family should be administered sublingually by placing and holding it into one's mouth and allowing it to absorb over a period of 15-25 minutes.

Extremely little is known about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 25H-NBOMe in humans. It had no history of human use before being sold online as a designer drug.[citation needed]. It has not officially been associated with fatalities like more common members of the 25x-NBOMe family, possibly because it has never have been distributed a lot. Anecdotal reports suggest that this substance may still be difficult to use safely due to its highly sensitive dose-response and unpredictable effects.

It should be worth mentioning, that 25H-NBOMe, according to it's pharmacology on one side, might possess stronger pharmacological effects than other 25x-NBOMe compounds, while on the contrary, the little amount of anecdotal experience reports only describe suble or even just negligible stimulating effects, which might be explained when comparing it to related substances like 2C-H and 2,5-DMA.[citation needed]

Chemistry

25H-NBOMe or 2C-H-NBOMe is a serotonergic N-benzyl derivative of the substituted phenethylamine psychedelic known as 2C-H. 25H-NBOMe is a substituted phenethylamine with methoxy groups CH3O- attached to carbons R2 and R5 as well as an iodine atom attached to carbon R4. It differs from 2C-H structurally through a substitution on the amine (NH2) with a 2-methoxybenzyl (BOMe) group. 25H-NBOMe shares this 2-methoxybenzyl substitution with other chemicals of the NBOMe family. This NBOMe addition contains a methoxy ether CH3O- bound to a benzene ring at R2.

Pharmacology

Further information: Serotonergic psychedelic

25H-NBOMe has efficacy at the 5-HT2A receptor where it acts as an unusually potent and selective partial agonist.

According to one paper, 25H-NBOMe has stronger affinity than most other members of the NBOMe family.[citation needed]

However, the role of these interactions and how they result in the psychedelic experience continues to remain elusive.

Among psychedelics, this compound is considered to be pharmacologically unique in terms of the high potency, affinity, and selectivity with which it binds to the 5-HT2a receptor.[citation needed] Contrary to popular belief, it is not a "full agonist"[citation needed], although questions have been raised about how the effects it produces differ from other 5-HT2a partial agonists, which include the range of traditional psychedelics.


Subjective effects

Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.

It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.


Physical effects
 

Visual effects
 

Cognitive effects
 

Multi-sensory effects
 

Transpersonal effects
 

Experience reports

Anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our experience index include:

Additional experience reports can be found here:

Toxicity and harm potential

Short-term as well as long-term damage of NBOMes have been occasionally tied to serious physical and mental problems on seemingly random people, including memory and speech difficulties, heart problems, HPPD and in some cases Anxiety and PTSD, from particularly difficult experiences.

25H-NBOMe is a relatively new substance, and little is known about its pharmacological risks or its interaction with other substances. The LD50 has not yet been determined although it is potentially fatal at heavy or very heavy dosages.[2][3] PsychonautWiki advises that due to 25H-NBOMe's extreme potency it should not be insufflated as this method of administration appears to have led to several related deaths in the past year.[4]

The addition of 5-HTP can greatly increase the effects of 25H-NBOME and should be avoided.[citation needed]

It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this substance.

Tolerance and addiction potential

25H-NBOMe is not habit-forming and the desire to use it can actually decrease with use. It is most often self-regulating.

Tolerance to the effects of 25H-NBOMe is built almost immediately after ingestion. After that, it takes about 1 week for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 2 weeks to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). 25H-NBOMe presents cross-tolerance with all psychedelics, meaning that after the consumption of 25H-NBOMe all psychedelics will have a reduced effect.

Overdose

Due to the very high potency and seemingly unpredictable effects the margin between a normal and an overdose of NBOMe compounds is extremely small when compared to many other substances. The exact toxic dose is unclear since it seems to depend a lot on personal physiology, rather than predominantly dose. However, various anecdotal reports suggest that dangerous side effects begin to appear when exceeding 1000 μg and it possibly becoming lethal for the more sensitive people at roughly 2000 μg. Reports of other people surviving much higher doses, sometimes even without any major side effects have been documented as well.

There is also the uncertainty of dosage on blotter paper since it is rather difficult to lay such an exact dosage. Insufflating, vaporizing or drinking tinctures of this substance is highly discouraged because of this and has been tied to many documented deaths[1][5][6]. One study found that 25I‐NBOMe and 25C‐NBOMe blotter papers contained 'hotspots' with higher quantities of the drug, implying an inherent risk of overdosing.[7]

The overdose effects of NBOMes are typically a dangerously high heart rate, blood pressure, hyperthermia and significant vasoconstriction[8][9] also accompanied by confusion, delusions, panic attacks, aggressive behavior, numbness or pain, amnesia and often seizures. The risks in an overdose include anything from organ failure to cardiac arrest and death[citation needed]. There are also multiple reports of people lethally injuring themselves or falling to death[10][11]. Benzodiazepines or antipsychotics can help with the psychological effects during an overdose although medical attention should always be called in even a possible overdose of 25I-NBOMe.

Dangerous interactions

 

This dangerous interactions section is a stub.

As such, it may contain incomplete or invalid information. You can help by expanding upon or correcting it.

Warning: Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).

Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit. Due to the highly unpredictable nature of the NBOMe series, it is generally advised to avoid mixing them with other psychoactive substances.

  • 2C-T-X - The 2C-T-X phenethylamines can be unpredictable in their interactions and the NBOMes are known to be unpredictable even alone. As a result, this combination should be avoided.
  • 5-MeO-xxt - The 5-MeO tryptamines can be unpredictable in their interactions and the NBOMes are known to be unpredictable even alone. As a result, this combination should be avoided.
  • Amphetamines - Amphetamines and NBOMes both provide considerable stimulation. When combined they can result in tachycardia, hypertension, vasoconstriction and, in extreme cases, heart failure. The anxiogenic and focusing effects of stimulants are also not good in combination with psychedelics as they can lead to unpleasant thought loops. NBOMes are known to cause seizures and stimulants can increase this risk.
  • aMT
  • Caffeine - Caffeine can bring out the natural stimulation from psychedelic drugs to make it uncomfortable. High doses can cause anxiety which is hard to handle while tripping.
  • Cannabis - Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and unpredictable synergy with the effects of psychedelics. Caution is advised with this combination as it can significantly increase the risk of adverse psychological reactions like anxiety, paranoia, panic attacks, and psychosis. Users are advised to start off with only a fraction of their normal cannabis dose and take long breaks between hits to avoid over intake.
  • Cocaine - Cocaine and NBOMes both provide considerable stimulation. When combined they can result in severe vasoconstriction, tachycardia, hypertension, and in extreme cases heart failure.
  • DOx
  • DXM
  • Lithium - Lithium is commonly prescribed in the treatment of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_disorder bipolar disorder. There is a large body of anecdotal evidence that suggests taking it with psychedelics significantly increases the risk of psychosis and seizures. As a result, this combination is strictly discouraged.
  • MAOIs - MAO-B inhibitors can increase the potency and duration of phenethylamines unpredictably.
  • MDMA
  • MXE - As an NMDA antagonist, MXE potentiates NBOMes which can be unpleasantly intense.
  • Tramadol - Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and NBOMes have also shown a tendency to cause severe seizures

Legal status

  • Canada: 25H-NBOMe would be considered Schedule III as it is a derivative of 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine.[12]
  • Switzerland: 25H-NBOMe is a controlled substance defined as a derivative of N-benzylphenethylamine under Verzeichnis E point 130 and 131.[13]
  • United Kingdom: 25H-NBOMe is a Class A drug in the United Kingdom as a result of the N-benzylphenethylamine catch-all clause.[14]
  • United States: 25H-NBOMe can be controlled under the Federal Analog act.

See also

External links

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Erowid 25I-NBOMe (2C-I-NBOMe) Vault : Fatalities / Deaths 
  2. "Fatalities / Deaths". Erowid. April 26, 2013. Retrieved 7 May 2013. | http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2ci_nbome/2ci_nbome_death.shtml
  3. https://erowid.org/chemicals/nbome/nbome_death.shtml
  4. http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2ci_nbome/2ci_nbome.shtml/
  5. Erowid 2C-C-NBOMe (25C-NBOMe) Vault : Fatalities / Deaths 
  6. Erowid NBOMe (Other or Unknown NBOMe-Compound) Vault : Fatalities / Deaths 
  7. Lützen, E., Holtkamp, M., Stamme, I., Schmid, R., Sperling, M., Pütz, M., Karst, U. (April 2020). "Multimodal imaging of hallucinogens 25C‐ and 25I‐NBOMe on blotter papers". Drug Testing and Analysis. 12 (4): 465–471. doi:10.1002/dta.2751. ISSN 1942-7603. 
  8. Marchi, N. C., Scherer, J. N., Fara, L. S., Remy, L., Ornel, R., Reis, M., Zamboni, A., Paim, M., Fiorentin, T. R., Wayhs, C. A. Y., Von Diemen, L., Pechansky, F., Kessler, F. H. P., Limberger, R. P. (1 March 2019). "Clinical and Toxicological Profile of NBOMes: A Systematic Review". Psychosomatics. 60 (2): 129–138. doi:10.1016/j.psym.2018.11.002. ISSN 0033-3182. 
  9. Yoon, K. S., Yun, J., Kim, Y.-H., Shin, J., Kim, S. J., Seo, J.-W., Hyun, S.-A., Suh, S. K., Cha, H. J. (1 April 2019). "2-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25D-NBOMe) and N-(2-methoxybenzyl)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-chlorophenethylamine (25C-NBOMe) induce adverse cardiac effects in vitro and in vivo". Toxicology Letters. 304: 50–57. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.01.004. ISSN 0378-4274. 
  10. https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/File:Nbome_death_news_i2013e0190_disp.jpg
  11. https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/File:Nbome_death_news_i2013e0191_disp.jpg
  12. Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (S.C. 1996, c. 19) |http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-38.8/page-12.html#h-28
  13. "Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien" (in German). Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]. Retrieved January 1, 2020. 
  14. United Kingdom. (2014). Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (S.I. 2014/1106). London: The Stationery Office Limited. Retrieved July 5, 2017, from http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2014/1106/made


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